Periodontal Status and Treatment Needs of Mentally Challenges Individuals Attending Special School in Nashik District, Maharashtra, India

Deepashri H Kambalimath¹*, Halaswamy V Kambalimath², Satyanarayan MVV³, Ashok Kumar V⁴, Ravi Kumar TG⁵ and Deepak RM⁶

¹Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Aariake Superspeciallity Hospital, Devangere, India
²Preventive and Pediatric Dentist, Aariake Superspeciallity Hospital, Devangere, India
³Consultant Neurosurgeon, Aariake Superspeciallity Hospital, Devangere, India
⁴Internal Medicine and Nephologist, Aariake Superspeciallity Hospital, Devangere,India
⁵General Surgeon, Aariake Superspeciallity Hospital, Devangere, India
⁶Anaesthetist, Aariake Superspeciallity Hospital, Devangere, India

*Corresponding Author: Deepashri H Kambalimath, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Aariake Superspeciallity Hospital, Devangere, India.

Received: September 14, 2022; Published: November 07, 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Zygomatic bone and its surrounding bony anatomy are essential for maintaining facial contour - cheek prominence and orbital integrity. Management of the zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures are important in the maintenance of function and facial integrity.

Aim and objectives: To analyse the incidence, aetiology, surgical management and complications encountered in the treatment of ZMC fractures in our super-speciality hospital, and to compare the number and location of fixation points and surgical access in our patient cohort with the literature.

Materials and Method: Retrospective analysis of all operative cases (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation) of zygomatic complex fractures (ZMC)over a three-year period (2017-2021) were reviewed. Craniofacial maxillofacial trauma patient’s medical records were collected and out which only the zygomatic complex fractures cases were reviewed. Only the medical records from the period from 2017-2021 were included. The parameters like etiology, site of the ZMC fracture, type of fracture, associated injuries, clinical findings, treated with conservative or surgical intervention, type of incisions used, number of fixation used and any complications encountered were reviwed and analysed.

Results: TOut of 428 cases of craniofacial injury, 96 cases were ZMC fractures, Isolated ZMC fractures accounted for 43%, 33% with associated injuries, 13% isolated arch while 11% accounted isolated infraorbital rim fracture. Most common clinical findings were subconjunctival ecchymosis (71%), flattening of cheek (39%), malocclusion (22%) and so on.

Buccal sulcus incision (66%) was mainly used, followed by upper blepharoplasty incision (59%). Depending on degree of displacement of fracture one-point fixation (8%), two-point fixation (30%) or three-point fixation (27%) was performed. About 33% of cases were conservatively managed and followed up on regular intervals. Lymph edema, infra orbital paresthesia, temporary blindness, diplopia, hemianopsia were some of the complications encountered which were managed successfully and followed up.

Conclusion: ZMC fractures are most commonly occurring midface fractures with variable etiologies. The most common ZMC fracture pattern was tripod type of fracture. Greater portion of the patient were treated with two-point fixation. Most of the complications were due to the impact and velocity of trauma.

Keywords:ZMC Fracture; Incidence; 2 Point Fixation; Complications

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Citation

Citation: Deepashri H Kambalimath., et al. “Retrospective Analysis of Management of Zygomatic Complex Fractures".Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 6.12 (2022): 04-11.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Deepashri H Kambalimath., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.