Abstract

Aim: Studying the distribution of gingival biotypes and evaluation of width of keratinized gingiva of anterior teeth in Egyptian adults with skeletal class II and skeletal class III jaw relations and different vertical facial patterns.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 182 Egyptian orthodontic patients with skeletal class II and skeletal class III pattern (74 males, 108 females) who applied for orthodontic treatment in faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University starting from November 2018 October 2019. They were included in the study based on Wits appraisal measured on lateral cephalometric radiograph taken as a routine record before orthodontic treatment. They were further divided into six subgroups based on vertical facial pattern according to facial axis angle. Gingival biotypes for the anterior teeth have been classified either thick biotype or thin biotype using probe transparency method. Width of keratinized gingiva has been measured for each anterior tooth using digital caliper.

Results: There was a statistical significant decrease in the percentage of thin gingival biotypes in upper anterior teeth in skeletal Class II patients with hyperdivergent facial pattern. Also there was a statistical significant increase in the distribution of thin gingival biotypes in lower anterior teeth in skeletal class II patients with normo-divergent facial pattern and skeletal class III patients with hyperdivergent facial pattern. Width of keratinized gingiva of anterior teeth has demonstrated no correlation with different skeletal sagittal and vertical malocclusion patterns.

Conclusion: Thin gingival biotype is more distributed in lower anterior teeth in skeletal class II patients with normo-divergent facial pattern and skeletal class III patients with hyperdivergent facial pattern. Thick gingival biotype is more prevalent in upper anterior teeth in all skeletal malocclusion groups with the most prevalence in skeletal class II patients with hyperdivergent facial pattern.

Keywords: Skeletal Malocclusion; Gingival Biotype; Facial Pattern; Keratinized Gingival Width

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Citation

Citation: Ahmed Magdy Sabrah., et al. “Distribution of Gingival Biotypes of Anterior Teeth in Egyptian Adults with Skeletal Class II and Skeletal Class III Jaw Relations and Different Vertical Facial Patterns: A Cross-Sectional Study". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 5.1 (2021): 20-34.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Ahmed Magdy Sabrah., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.