Acta Scientific Dental Sciences (ISSN: 2581-4893)

Research Article Volume 4 Issue 11

The Perceived Oral Health Status, Practices, Knowledge and Periodontal Status of Pregnant Women in a Maternity Hospital in Trinidad

Reisha Rafeek*, Visha Ramsaroop, Ramaa Balkaran, Anne Kowlessar, Arlana Bissoon, Christine Royer and Risa Yuk Low

School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

*Corresponding Author: Reisha Rafeek, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.

Received: October 05, 2020; Published: October 28, 2020

×

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study is to report the oral health status, practices, knowledge and periodontal status of pregnant women in a maternity hospital in Trinidad.

Methods: A convenience sample of pregnant women who attended a maternity hospital was recruited. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire which included frequency and reason for dental attendance, perceived oral health status and oral health knowledge and practices. Oral health examinations took place at the University of the West Indies (UWI), School of Dentistry including the Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 in which descriptive analysis and Chi-square tests were performed.

Results: 161 pregnant women participated. Nearly 60% rated their oral health as average or good. Almost half (46.0%) stated safety concerns with dental treatment during pregnancy prevented them from seeking care and 73.3% did not believe that a mother’s poor oral health could contribute to low birth weight (LBW) babies. The majority (91.9%) did not attend the dentist routinely and nearly 60% had some form of periodontitis, mild (34.2%) or moderate to severe (25.2%). Significant associations were found between level of education and brushing (p < 0.05), age and smoking (p < 0.05), BPE and age (p < 0.05) and BPE and ethnicity (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: There are important gaps and misconceptions in oral health knowledge and practices of pregnant women and the prevalence of periodontitis was found to be high and related to age and ethnicity.

Keywords: Pregnancy; Oral Health; Periodontal Health; Women; BPE

×

References

  1. Silk H., et al. “Oral Health during pregnancy”. American Family Physician 77 (2008): 1139-1144.
  2. Laine MR. “Effect of pregnancy on periodontal and dental health”. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 60 (2002): 257-267.
  3. Papapanou PN. “Periodontal diseases: epidemiology”. Annuals of Periodontology 11 (1996): 1-36.
  4. Jain K and Kaur H. “Prevalence of oral lesions and measurement of salivary pH in the different trimesters of pregnancy”. Singapore Medical Journal 56 (2015): 53-57.
  5. Balkaran R., et al. “A Preliminary Investigation of Periodontal Disease and Diabetes in Trinidad”. West Indian Medical Journal 60 (2011): 86.
  6. George A., et al. “Periodontal treatment during pregnancy and birth out comes: a meta-analysis of randomised trials”. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare 9 (2011): 122-147.
  7. Shub A., et al. “Maternal periodontal disease and perinatal mortality”. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 49 (2009): 130-136.
  8. George A., et al. “The oral health status, practices and knowledge of pregnant women in south-western Sydney”. Australian Dental Journal 58 (2013): 26-33.
  9. Harris J. “The forgotten system during pregnancy: Women and Oral health”. International Journal of Childbirth Education 32 (2017): 1-50.
  10. George A., et al. “Promoting oral health during pregnancy: current evidence and implications for Australian midwives”. Journal of Clinical Nursing 19 (2010): 3324-3333.
  11. American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. Guideline on Perinatal Oral Health care, Chicago: AAPD (2011).
  12. California Dental Association. Oral Health during pregnancy and early childhood. Evidence based guidelines for Health Professionals, CDA (2010).
  13. Dharmashree S and Kumar M. “Oral health status of 300 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Vishakhapatnam City-One year descriptive cross-sectional study”. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 5 (2018): 1-6.
  14. Silness J and Lӧe H. “Periodontal disease in pregnancy. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition”. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 22 (1964): 112-135.
  15. Corbet EF. “Oral Diagnosis and treatment planning: part 3. Periodontal disease and assessment of risk”. British Dental Journal 213 (2012) :111-121.
  16. British Society of Periodontology. Basic Periodontal examination (2011).
  17. Al-Habashneh R., et al. “Factors related to utilization of dental services during pregnancy”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 32 (2005): 815-821.
  18. Saddki N., et al. “Factors associated with dental visit and barriers to utilisation of oral health care services in a sample of antenatal mothers in Hospital University Sains Malaysia”. BMS Public health 10 (2010): 75.
  19. Erchick DJ., et al. “Oral hygiene, prevalence of gingivitis, and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Sarlahi District, Nepal”. BMC Oral Health 19 (2019): 2.
  20. Thomas NJ., et al. “Oral and health care practice in pregnant women in Australia: a postnatal survey”. BMC Pregnancy Child Birth 8 (2008): 13-20.
  21. Keirse MJNC and Plutzer K. “Women's attitudes to and perceptions of oral health and dental care during pregnancy”. Journal of Perinatal Medicine 38 (2010): 3-8.
  22. Hullah E., et al. “Self-reported oral hygiene habits, dental attendance, and attitudes to dentistry during pregnancy in a sample of immigrant women in North London”. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 277 (2008): 405-409.
  23. Gupta R and Acharya AK. “Oral health status and treatment needs among pregnant women of Raichur District, India: A population based cross-sectional study”. Scientifica (2016): 8.
  24. Lasisi TJ., et al. “Pattern of oral health among a population of pregnant women in Southwestern Nigeria”. Archives of Basic Applied Medicine 6 (2018): 99-103.
  25. Dinas K., et al. “Pregnancy and oral health: utilization of dental services during pregnancy in northern Greece”. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 86 (2007): 938-944.
  26. Mangskau KA and Arrindell B. “Pregnancy and oral health; utilization of the oral health care system by pregnant women in North Dakota”. Northwest Dentistry 75 (1996): 23-28.
  27. Lydon-Rochelle MT., et al. “Dental Care Use and Self-Reported Dental Problems in Relation to Pregnancy”. American Journal of Public Health 94 (2004): 765-771.
  28. MiyazakiH., et al. “Periodontal condition of pregnant women assessed by CPITN”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 18 (1991): 751-754.
  29. Jago JD., et al. “Dental status of pregnant women attending a Brisbane maternity hospital”. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology12 (1984): 398-401.
  30. Gonzalez-Jaranay M., et al. “Periodontal status during pregnancy and post-partum”. PLoS One 12 (2017)
  31. Cnattingius S. “The epidemiology of smoking during pregnancy: smoking prevalence, maternal characteristics, and pregnancy outcomes”. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 6 (2004): 125-140.
  32. Andriani H and Kuo HW. “Adverse effects of parental smoking during pregnancy in urban and rural areas”. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 14 (2014): 414.
  33. Tong VT., et al. “Trends in smoking before, during, and after pregnancy-pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system, United States, 40 sites, 2000-2010”. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: Surveillance 62 (2013): 1–19. 
  34. Albandar JM. “Underestimation of periodontitis in NHANES surveys”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 82 (2011): 337-341.
×

Citation

Citation: Reisha Rafeek., et al. “The Perceived Oral Health Status, Practices, Knowledge and Periodontal Status of Pregnant Women in a Maternity Hospital in Trinidad". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 4.11 (2020): 74-83.




Metrics

Acceptance rate30%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.278

Indexed In





News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is December 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"

Contact US









ff

© 2024 Acta Scientific, All rights reserved.