Abstract

 The loss of teeth can produce important alterations in the stomatognathic system, affecting bone structures, oral mucosa and occlusal force. Our study aimed to evaluate the maximum molar bite force, and pressure of the tongue and lips of elderly subjects, before and after 4 months of treatment with complete dentures. Fifteen subjects were submitted to treatment with maxillary and mandibular complete dentures. The maximum molar bite force (right and left) was measured using a digital dynamometer. The pressure of the tongue and lips were measured with the Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument (IOPI). The data were analyzed using the repeated measure test (SPSS 21.0; p ≤ .05). Significant differences were found in the right molar bite force (p = .001), left molar bite force (p = .001) and lip pressure (p= .04). It was observed an increase in the maximum molar bite force and lip pressure after oral rehabilitation with complete dentures. Elderly subjects presented improved results in relation to the bite force and lip pressure after four months of treatment with complete dentures.

Keywords: Complete Denture; Elderly; Bite Force; Tongue; Lips

References

1. Abrams AP., et al. “Physiology of aging of older adults - Systemic and oral health considerations”. Dental Clinics of North America 58 (2014): 729-738.
2. Baumgarten A., et al. “Dental status, oral prosthesis and chewing ability in an adult and elderly population in southern Brazil”. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 72 (2017): 681-685.
3. Schimmel M., et al. “Masticatory performance and maximum bite and lip force depend on the type of prosthesis”. The International Journal of Prosthodontics 30 (2017): 565-572.
4. Palla ES., et al. “Soft denture liners' effect on the masticatory function in patients wearing complete dentures: A systematic review”. Journal of Dentistry 43 (2015) :1403-1410.
5. Chen JH., et al. “Dentist-patient communication and denture quality associated with complete denture satisfaction among Taiwanese elderly wearers”. The International Journal of Prosthodontics 28 (2015): 531-537.
6. Azevedo ND., et al. “Tongue pressure measurement in children with mouth-breathing behaviour”. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 45 (2018): 612-617.
7. Gonçalves LMN., et al. “Alterations in the stomatognathic system due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis”. Journal of Applied Oral Science 26 (2018): e20170408.
8. Palinkas M., et al. “Age and gender influence on maximal bite force and masticatory muscles thickness”. Archives of Oral Biology 55 (2010): 797-802.
9. Palinkas M., et al. “Alterations in masticatory cycle efficiency and bite force in individuals with periodontitis”. International Journal of Health Sciences (Qassim) 13 (2019): 25-29.
10. Hotta PTH., et al. “Bite force in temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and healthy complete denture wearers”. Brazilian Dental Journal 19 (2008): 354-357.
11. Bonjardim LR., et al. “Association between symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and gender, morphological occlusion, and psychological factors in a group of university students”. Indian Journal of Dental Research 20 (2009): 190-194.
12. Potter NL, et al. “Maximal tongue strength in typically developing children and adolescents”. Dysphagia 24 (2009): 391-397.
13. Clark HM., et al. “Age and sex differences in orofacial strength”. Dysphagia 27 (2012): 2-9.
14. Vanderwegen J., et al. “The influence of age, sex, bulb position, visual feedback, and the order of testing on maximum anterior and posterior tongue strength and endurance in healthy Belgian adults”. Dysphagia 28 (2013): 159-166.
15. Stierwalt JAG., et al. “Tongue measures in individual with normal and impaired swallowing”. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 16 (2007): 148-156.
16. Fei T., et al. “Age-related differences in tongue-palate pressures for strength and swallowing tasks”. Dysphagia 28 (2013): 575-581.
17. Namasivayam AM., et al. “The effect of tongue strength on meal consumption in long term care”. Clinical Nutrition 35 (2016): 1078e-1083e.
18. Poluri A., et al. “Fatigue in the elderly population”. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 16 (2005): 91-108.
19. Munshi N., et al. “In vitro wear resistance of nano-hybrid composite denture teeth”. Journal of Prosthodontics 26 (2017): 224-229.
20. Sharma AJ., et al. “A comparative evaluation of chewing efficiency, masticatory bite force, and patient satisfaction between conventional denture and implant-supported mandibular overdenture: An In vivo study”. The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 17 (2017): 361-372.
21. Sugiyama T., et al. “Effect of swallowing exercises in independent elderly”. The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College 54 (2013): 109-115.
22. Machida N., et al. “Effects of aging and sarcopenia on tongue pressure and jaw-opening force”. Geriatrics and Gerontology International 17( 2017): 295-301.
23. Al-Jabrah OA., et al. “Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder signs in patients with complete versus partial dentures”. Clinical Oral Investigations 10 (2006): 167-173.
24. Shala K., et al. “Evaluation of maximum bite force in patients with complete dentures”. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6 (2018): 559-563.

Citation

Citation: Marcelo Palinkas., et al. “Impact of Complete Dentures in the Elderly: Analysis of Bite Force and Pressure of the Tongue and Lips” Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 4.6 (2020): 04-08.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Marcelo Palinkas., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.