Sailesh Kumar R¹*, Raja Sethupathy Cheeman¹, Raghu K², Bharathraj K¹, Rohan Singh chadha³.

¹Assistant Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth ( Deemed to be university)Puducherry, India
²Assistant Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth ( Deemed to be university)Puducherry, India
³Post graduate trainee, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth ( Deemed to be university) Puducherry, India

*Corresponding Author: Sailesh Kumar R, Assistant Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth ( Deemed to be university) Puducherry, India.

Received: January 10 ,2022; Published: February 11, 2022

Abstract

Background: This article projects provides insights to the various managements and treatment strategies for chylous leak during the head and neck cancer surgeries.

Methods: Here the retrospective review of articles was performed, the articles reviewed are involving only head and neck cancer surgeries only and analysis of treatment strategies were noted and author’s comments about the treatment strategies is given after collective analysis of the review articles

Conclusion: The evolution of treatment strategies through years has brought on to the ideal management of the of chyle leak based on various authors guidelines.

Keywords: Chyle; Chylothorax; Head and Neck Cancer Surgery; Neck Dissection; Chyle Fistula

References

1. Morris SA and Taylor SJ. “Peripheral parenteral nutrition in a case of chyle leak following neck dissection”. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 17 (2004): 153-155.
2. , et al. “Management of chylous leakage following neck dissection - cases report”. Journal of Dental Sciences 3.1 (2008).
3. Vallieres E., et al. “Early complications Chylothorax”. Chest Surgery Clinics of North America 9 (1999): 609-616.
4. Teba L., et al. “Chylothorax review”. Critical Care Medicine13 (1985): 49-52.
5. , et al. “Postoperative chylothorax”. Thoracic Surgery Clinics 25 (2015): 523-528.
6. Chalret du Rieu M., et al. “Management of postoperative chylothorax”. Journal of Visceral Surgery 148 (2011): e346-352.
7. Riquet M., et al. “Traitment du chylothorax”. EMC-Chirurgie 6 (2004): 662-681.
8. Selle JG., et al. “Chylothorax: indications for surgery”. Annals of Surgery 177 (1973): 245-249.
9. HenriIˆtte HW., et al. “Systematic approach to the treatment of chylous leakage after neck dissection”. Head Neck 18.4 (1996): 347e
10. Lucente FE., et al. “Chyle fistula management”. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 89.4 (1981): 575e
11. Nussenbaum B., et al. “Systematic management of chyle fistula: the southwestern experience and review of the literature”. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 122.1 (2000): 31e
12. Fitz-Hugh GS and Cowgill R. “Chylous fistula”. Archives of Otolaryngology 91.6 (1907): 543e
13. Qureshi SS and Chaturvedi P. “A novel technique of management of high output chyle leak after neck dissection”. Journal of Surgical Oncology 96.2 (2007): 176e
14. Gregor RT. “Management of chyle fistulization in association with neck dissection”. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 122.3 (2000): 434e
15. Crumley RL and Smith JD. “Postoperative chylous fistula prevention and management”. Laryngoscope 86.6 (1976): 804e
16. Jeffrey D., et al. “The management of chyle fistula”. Laryngoscope 100.7 (1990): 771e
17. Martin IC., et al. “Medium chain triglycerides in the management of chylous fistulae following neck dissection”. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 31.4 (1993): 236e
18. Al-Khayat M., et al. “Nutritional support in patients with low volume chylous fistula following radical neck dissection”. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology 105.12 (1991): 1052e
19. McGee DC and Gould MK. “Preventing complications of central venous catheterization”. The New England Journal of Medicine 348.12 (2003): 1123e
20. Knochel JP. “Complications of total parenteral nutrition”. Kidney International 27.3 (1985): 489e
21. Angelico M and Guardia PD. “Review article: hepatobiliary complications associated with total parenteral nutrition”. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 14 (2000): 54e
22. Rimensberger PC., et al. “Treatment of a persistent postoperative chylothorax with somatostatin”. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 66.1 (1998): 253e
23. Valentine CN., et al. “Somatostatin analog treatment of a cervical thoracic duct fistula”. Head Neck 24.8 (2002): 810e
24. Nyquist GG., et al. “Octreotide in the medical management of chyle fistula”. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 128.6 (2003): 910e
25. Belloso A., et al. “The community management of chylous fistula using a pancreatic lipase inhibitor (orlistat)”. Laryngoscope 116.10 (2006): 1934e
26. Stuart WJ. “Operative injuries of the thoracic duct in the neck”. Edinburgh Medical Journal 22 (1907): 301e
27. Cope C. “Diagnosis and treatment of postoperative chyle leakage via percutaneous transabdominal catheterization of the cisterna chyli: a preliminary study”. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 9.5 (1998): 727e
28. Cope C. “Management of chylothorax via percutaneous embolization”. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 10.4 (2004): 311e
29. van Goor AT., et al. “Introduction of lymphangiography and percutaneous embolization of the thoracic duct in a stepwise approach to the management of chylous fistulas”. Head Neck 29.11 (2007): 1017e
30. Lapp GC., et al. “Thoracoscopic management of chylous fistulae”. American Journal of Otolaryngology 1998;19.4 (1998): 257e
31. Van Natta TL., et al. “Thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation for persistent cervical chyle leak: utility of immediate pathologic confirmation”. JSLS 13.3 (2009): 430e
32. Abdel-Galil K., et al. “High output chyle leak after neck surgery: the role of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery”. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 47.6 (2009): 478e
33. Rocco G. Chylothorax. In: “Sabiston DC, Spencer EC, editors. Surgery of the chest. 8th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders (2010): 427-430.
34. Thompson KJ., et al. “Treatment of chylothorax by robotic thoracic duct ligation”. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 85 (2008): 334-336.
35. Kent RB 3^rd and Pinson TW. “Thoracoscopic ligation of the thoracic duct”. Surgical Endoscopy 7 (1993): 52-53.
36. Mason PF., et al. “Post-thoracotomy chylothorax - a cure in the abdomen?” European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 11 (1997): 567-1570.
37. Dietl B., et al. “Radiotherapy of inguinal lymphorrhea after vascular surgery. A retrospective analysis”. Strahlentherapie und Onkologie 181 (2005): 396-400.
38. Gerstein J., et al. “Complete remission of a lymphoma-associated chylothorax by radiotherapy of the celiac trunk and thoracic duct”. Strahlentherapie und Onkologie 2008;184 (2008): 484-487.
39. Sziklavari Z., et al. “Radiotherapy in the treatment of postoperative chylothorax”. Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 8 (2013):
40. Andrei Ilczyszyn., et al. “Management of chyle leak post neck dissection: A case report and literature review”. Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery 64 (2011): e223ee230.

Citation

Citation: R Sailesh Kumar. “Chyle Leak in Head and Neck Cancer Surgeries - A review”. Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 6.3 (2022): 18-21.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 R Sailesh Kumar. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.