Marcelo Tacán¹, César Tapia², Eddie Zambrano³, Álvaro Monteros-Altamirano⁴, César Pérez⁵ and Marten Sørensen⁶*

¹1MSc, INIAP, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Panamericana sur km 1, Quito 171107, Ecuador; PhD candidate, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Doctoral Program in Natural Resources Conservation [M.T.], marcelo.tacán@iniap.gob.ec

*Corresponding Author: Marten Sørensen, Professor Emer., PhD, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Sobi/Plen-KU, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 3, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Correspondence: ms@plen.ku.dk.

Received: July 19, 2023; Published: September 20, 2023

Abstract

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is recognized as one of the most important legume crops globally for its use in human food; it is widely distributed and cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cryopreservation of five peanut varieties conserved in the INIAP Gene Bank, testing cryopreservation methods, and evaluating the germination percentage of whole seeds and embryonic shoots. Subsequently, two quantitative variables, shoot length and root, were evaluated. The average germination/elongation percentages of varieties and treatments ware higher when embryonic axes were isolated with 99.31% than 86.06% seeds. The best germination and elongation percentage of the five varieties for seeds and embryonic shoots was obtained by the Peruvian variety with 88.13% and 92.50%. only for whole seeds statistical differences were observed between the fastigiata and hypogaea subspecies in NL and for embryonic axes they were not observed. observed statistical differences in the treatments evaluated for the two subspecies. The best treatments by variety for the germination and elongation of whole seeds and embryonic axes were obtained by the treatment (desiccation and LN) for whole seeds with 95.42% and embryonic axes with 92.83%. Ageing and cryopreservation treatments positively affected germination and elongation in whole seeds and embryonic axes. The two quantitative variables, shoot and root length showed variability between the five varieties; significant differences (≤ 0.05) were observed between the four treatments evaluated for whole seeds and embryonic axes. The three treatments for whole seeds and embryonic axes the non-cryopreserved control treatment, obtained good survival, then whole seeds germinated, and embryonic axes produced sprout development (aerial parts) and root formation. With the most effective treatments (desiccation and LN) for whole seeds and embryonic axes, the cryopreservation of the national peanut collection of the INIAP Germplasm Bank could be started.

 Keywords: Varieties; Seeds; Embryonic Shoot

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Citation

Citation: Marcelo Tacán., et al. “Cryopreservation of Arachis hypogaea L. Varieties at the Gene Bank of INIAP-Ecuador". Acta Scientific Agriculture 7.10 (2023): 18-31.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Marcelo Tacán., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.