Acta Scientific Women's Health (ASWH)(ISSN: 2582-3205)

Comprehensive Study Volume 4 Issue 6

HRT in Menopause and Role of Nurse

Saima Habeeb*

Ph.D (Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing), Tutor, Islamic University of Science and Technology (J and K), India

*Corresponding Author: Saima Habeeb, Ph. D (Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing), Tutor, Islamic University of Science and Technology (J and K), India.

Received: April 25, 2022; Published: May 19, 2022

Introduction

  • Menopause is defined as the permanent physiological cessation of menstruation at the end of reproductive life due to loss of ovarian follicular activity. It is the point of time when last and final menstruation occurs.
  • Climacteric is the phase of aging process during which a women passes from the reproductive to non reproductive stage. This phase covers 5-10 yrs on either side of menopause.
  • Pre menopause is the part of climacteric before menopause, when menstrual cycle is likely to be irregular. Post- menopausal is the phase that comes after menopause.
  • Menopause is the time of cessation of ovarian function resulting in permanent amenorrhea. It takes 12 months of amenorrhea to confirm that menopause has set in and therefore it is a retrospective process.
  • The menopause is defined as “ovarian failure due to loss of ovarian follicular function accompanied by estrogen deficiency resulting in the permanent cessation of menstruation and loss of reproductive function”.

References

  1. Dutta D C. “Text book of obstetrics, 7th edition”. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd (2013): 104-108, 651, 78-80.
  2. Jacob Annama. “A Comprehensive textbook of Midwifery and gynecological Nursing, 3rd edition”. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd 2013; 124-128, 112-115, 783.
  3. Gupta Preeti and Kumari Neelam. “A Text Book Of Midwifery and Gynecological Nursing, 2nd edition”. PV Publishers (p) Ltd (2010): 128-132.
  4. Eunice Kennedy Shriver. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 6 (2013).
  5. Rosie Bauld and Rhonda F Brown. “Stress, psychological distress, psychosocial factors, menopause symptoms and physical health in women February 20, 2009”. The European Menopause Journal2 (2009): 160-165.
  6. , et al. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS) 3.7C (2015): 2621-2629.
  7. Lindh - Astrand L., et al. “Women's conception of the menopausal transition--a qualitative study”. Journal of Clinical Nursing3 (2007): 509-517.
  8. Sharda Sidhu., et al. “Age at Menopause in Educated Women of Aristae (Punjab)”. Journal of Human Ecology 1 (2005): 49-51.

Citation

Citation: Saima Habeeb. “HRT in Menopause and Role of Nurse". Acta Scientific Women's Health 4.6 (2022): 55-59.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Saima Habeeb. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




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