Maria Carolina de Campos Martins¹, Daniela MLM Ferreira¹*, Larissa Prado Maia², Patrícia Terra Alves², Aline Teodoro de Paula², Fernanda M Santiago³, José R Mineo³, Mônica C Sopelete³, Francisco E Martinez⁴, Morun Bernardino Neto⁵, Luiz Ricardo Goulart² and Vânia OS Abdallah¹

¹Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

*Corresponding Author: Daniela MLM Ferreira, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Received: July 29, 2021; Published: November 16, 2021

Abstract

Objective: Infections are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight preterm neonates (VLBW PTN) leading to systemic inflammatory imbalance. The oropharyngeal administration of own mother's milk, particularly colostrum, has been suggested as an immunostimulatory action for protection against neonatal sepsis. As urine has been poorly evaluated in both systemic inflammation and neonatal sepsis, our purpose was to evaluate the effect of oropharyngeal administration of colostrum on the secretion of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the urine of VLBW PTN.

Methods: From a randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled trial, urine samples were randomly selected from 55 preterm infants, of which 29 underwent oropharyngeal administration of own mother's colostrum and 26 received distilled water. Urine samples were collected before and 24 hours after the end of the oropharyngeal administration and analyzed using the Milliplex-27 kit on the MagPix (Luminex) equipment.

Results: A significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines like IFN - γ (p = 0.005), TNF - α (p = 0.002), IL - 8 (p = 0.012), IL - 9 (p = 0.011), IL -15 (p = 0.012), IL - 17a (p = 0.001) and RANTES (p = 0.018) was observed in the group of children undergoing oropharyngeal administration of colostrum. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of clinical (OR 1.023; CI 95% 0.344-3.040) and confirmed sepsis (OR 1.158; CI 95% 0.344-3.899) in very low birth weight preterm neonates undergoing oropharyngeal administration of colostrum when compared to the group receiving distilled water.

Conclusion The oropharyngeal administration of colostrum promoted an anti-inflammatory state, characterized by the reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to the reduction of the incidence of neonatal sepsis.

Keywords: Colostrum; Oropharyngeal Administration; Immune Therapy; Neonatal Sepsis; Premature Infant; Biomarkers

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Citation

Citation: Daniela MLM Ferreira., et al. “Oropharyngeal Colostrum Administration and Anti-inflammatory Effects in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Neonates". Acta Scientific Paediatrics 4.12 (2021): 09-17.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Daniela MLM Ferreira., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.