Antimicrobial Properties of
Aloe vera, Aloe volkensii
and
Aloe secundiflora
from Egerton University
Paul Njenga Waithaka1*, Eliud Mugu Gathuru2, Benson Muriuki Githaiga2
and Rachael Zawadi Kazungu2
1School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
2Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya
*Corresponding Author: Paul Njenga Waithaka, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Received:
February 27, 2018; Published: April 03, 2018
DOI: 10.31080/ASMI.2018.01.0045
Disease is the most dangerous man’s enemy in this age. This has worsened with the enormous development of drug resistance
witnessed in many parts of the world. This study aimed at determining the antimicrobial properties of
Aloe vera, Aloe volkensii
and
Aloe secundiflora
crude extracts. The plants samples were collected from the Department of Biological Sciences, Egeton University.
The plants gel was separately extracted by crushing with a pestle and a mortor. The outer green rids and the pulps were separately
dried at 50oC in a hot air oven followed by crushing using pestle and mortar. The extraction of the metabolites was carried out using
methanol. The phytochemical screening of the crude extracts was carried out to determine the secondary metabolites present in the
crude extracts. The antimicrobial tests were carried out using Mueller Hinton agar for bacteria and potato dextrose agar for fungi
using agar well diffusion technique. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using two fold dilution assay followed
by determination of microbicidal and microbistatic properties of the extracts. The samples presented varying levels of saponins, glu
-
cosides, flavonoids, tannins, proteins and alkaloids. The extracts form
Aloe vera, Aloe volkensii
and
Aloe secundiflora
inhibited growth
of
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Erwinia carotovora, Candida albicans
and
Fusarium
oxysporum
. The zones of inhibition varied significantly (F = 3.424051, P = 0.005007) between the extracts of
Aloe vera, Aloe volkensii
and
Aloe secundiflora
. The minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum fungicidal concen-
tration of the extracts varied significantly (F = 4.696456, P = 0.000534). The three varieties of
Aloe
spp. namely
Aloe vera, Aloe volken-
sii
and
Aloe secundiflora
were collected from the Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University. Different crude extracts from
them were obtained having varying secondary metabolites. The antimicrobial properties of the crude extracts were tested against
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans
and
Fusarium oxysporum.
Keywords: Aloe vera; Aloe secundiflora; Aloe volkensii; Antimicrobial; Egerton; MIC; MBC; MFC
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